豚草杀虫活性物质提取工艺及毒力测定的研究

编号 lyqk005755

中文标题 豚草杀虫活性物质提取工艺及毒力测定的研究

作者 闫恩维  张国财  胡伟  张国珍  贾国新 

作者单位 1. 黑龙江省林副特产研究所,黑龙江牡丹江 157011;
2. 东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨 150040;
3. 黑龙江省绥棱国有林场管理局病防站

期刊名称 林业科技通讯 

年份 2016 

卷号 0

期号 7

栏目名称 森环森保 

中文摘要 研究了豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)杀虫抑菌活性物质提取工艺。有5种提取方法:榨汁提取法、超声波提取法、索氏提取法、温浸法、冷浸-超声联合提取法,其中以冷浸-超声联合法得到的豚草粗提物最多,为25.35g/200g,其次为超声波提取法,得到豚草粗提物24.86g/200g,榨汁法由于使用新鲜豚草作原料,粗提物仅为18.52g/200g,为最少。5种提取方法的提取率依次为冷浸-超声联合法 > 超声波提取法 > 索氏提取法 > 温浸法 > 榨汁法,提取率最高的是冷浸-超声联合法为12.68%,超声提取法为12.43%,2种提取方法提取率较为接近。从提取时间上分析,同样是200g原料,榨汁法、超声波提取法所用时间较短,而温浸法、冷浸-超声联合法需要时间较长,超声提取法较为最佳提取工艺。利用豚草提取液稀释不同倍数对落叶松毛虫(Dendrolimus superans Butler)进行毒力测定可知,以冷浸-超声波联合法和超声波提取法杀虫效果最好,校正死亡率可达77.79%和75.56%,两者毒力测定结果差异不显著,综合考虑认为超声波提取法为最经济、便捷、有效的提取方法。

关键词 豚草  活性物质  毒力测定  超声波提取  提取工艺 

基金项目 黑龙江省科技攻关项目(2015-2)、黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GB08B202)、哈尔滨市技术研究与开发项目(2014FF6CJ002)资助。

英文标题 Research on Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.Insecticidal Active Substances Extraction Process and Its Toxicity Determination

英文摘要 Insecticidal and antibacterial substances extraction process of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.was researched in this study.There were 5extraction methods;juice extraction,ultrasonic extraction,soxhlet extraction,warm soak method and maceration-ultrasound combined extraction,were used to extract Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.insecticidal active substances. The results show that maceration-ultrasound combined extraction was better than juice extraction,ultrasonic extraction, soxhlet extraction and warm soak method,which can obtain crude extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.24.86 g/200g.Juice extraction,which can only obtain crude extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.18.52g/200g was the worst method.Extraction rates of those 5methods was maceration-ultrasound combined extraction > ultrasonic extraction > soxhlet extraction > juice extraction > warm soak method.The extraction rate of maceration-ultrasound combined extraction, 12.68%is similar to the extraction rate of ultrasonic extraction 12.43%.From the extraction time,juice extraction and ultrasonic extraction warm take a shorter time and soak method and maceration-ultrasound combined extraction take longer.To conclude,ultrasonic extraction is the best extraction process.Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.extract solution was diluted into different multiples for Dendrolimus superans(Butler) toxicity determination.The results show that maceration-ultrasound combined extraction and ultrasonic extraction gave the best anti-pest results.Their corrected mortality rate of up to 77.79%and 75.56%,respectively.And toxicity determination results of maceration-ultrasound combined extraction and ultrasonic extraction were not significant.Through synthetical analysis,ultrasonic extraction was the most economical,convenient and effective extraction method.

英文关键词 Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.;active substance;toxicity determination;ultrasonic extraction;extraction process

起始页码 40

截止页码 44

作者简介 闫恩维(1962-),硕士学位,研究员,从事林副特产资源保护、培育、利用研究。

通讯作者介绍 张国珍,高级工程师,主要从事森林资源保护工作,研究方向为林下资源保护与利用。

分类号 S451;S767.3

DOI 10.13456/j.cnki.lykt.2016.07.011

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