北京中心城区小微绿地的蝴蝶多样性特征

编号 lyqk009909

中文标题 北京中心城区小微绿地的蝴蝶多样性特征

作者 佘珺莹  韩丹  王成  殷鲁秦  孙振凯  韩丛海 

作者单位 1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 国家林业和草原局城市森林研究中心 北京 100091;
2. 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 北京 102600;
3. 北京市园林绿化局 北京 100013

期刊名称 中国城市林业 

年份 2022 

卷号 20

期号 3

栏目名称 研究论文 

中文摘要 城市小微绿地,也称口袋公园,是城市区域生态廊道的重要组成部分,其生态功能特别是生物多样性承载功能不容忽视。文章以北京中心城区中面积1~4 hm²的48个小微绿地的蝴蝶群落为研究对象,采用样线法进行调查,运用丰富度、多样性、均匀度、优势度指数分析蝴蝶物种的空间分布和多样性差异。结果表明:1)北京中心城区小微绿地观测到的蝴蝶隶属于4科13属16种,古北种区系蝴蝶种类占总数的43.8%,广布种区系占56.2%。2)中心城区小微绿地内蝴蝶的科属及其数量存在很大差异,其中粉蝶科蝴蝶占50.5%,蛱蝶科蝴蝶占23.8%,灰蝶科蝴蝶占18.5%,凤蝶科蝴蝶占7.2%;菜粉蝶、黄钩蛱蝶、点玄灰蝶为优势种,大红蛱蝶、小红蛱蝶、琉璃灰蝶、红珠灰蝶、金凤蝶为少见种。3)小微绿地蝴蝶群落的多样性指数为灰蝶科＞蛱蝶科＞粉蝶科＞凤蝶科,丰富度指数为灰蝶科＞蛱蝶科＞凤蝶科＞粉蝶科,均匀度指数为灰蝶科＞蛱蝶科＞粉蝶科＞凤蝶科,优势度指数为粉蝶科＞蛱蝶科＞灰蝶科＞凤蝶科。4)五环内不同环路间城市区域小微绿地蝴蝶多样性未有明显的梯度差异。总体来看,北京中心城区小微绿地是蝴蝶活动的绿色空间,有可能成为有效联结大型生境斑块的生态跳岛,而且通过合理选择植物与配置群落结构、采用近自然管护模式,也可以维持较高的蝴蝶多样性水平。

关键词 小微绿地  蝴蝶多样性  优势种  北京中心城区 

基金项目 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金经费项目我国城市森林生态系统服务功能及其动态变化(CAFYBB2020ZB008)

英文标题 Butterfly Diversity in Pocket Parks at Urban Core of Beijing

作者英文名 She Junying, Han Dan, Wang Cheng, Yin Luqin, Sun Zhenkai, Han Conghai

单位英文名 1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Urban Forest Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China;
2. China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 102600, China;
3. Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau, Beijing 100013, China

英文摘要 Urban pocket parks are the important part of the urban ecological corridor. Their ecological functions, especially the carrying function for biodiversity, cannot be ignored. The butterfly survey is conducted using line transect method in 48 pocket parks with an area of 1-4 hm² within the Beijing urban core. The spatial distribution pattern and diversity difference of butterflies in the pocket parks are analyzed using indices of the indices of Margalef' richness index, Shannon diversity index, Pielou's species evenness index and Simpson dominance index. The results are as follows: 1) 16 species of 13 genera and 4 families of butterflies are recorded in the survey, 43.8% of which are the Palaearctic realm and 56.2% are the widespread realm; 2) There is a great difference in the family as well as the number of butterflies in the pocket parks, among which Pieridae accounts for 50.5%, Nymphalidae 23.8%, Lycaenidae 18.5%, and Papilionidae 7.2%, and Pieris rapae, Polygonia c-aureum, and Tongeia filicaudis are the dominant species in the research area while Vanessa indica, Vanessa cardui, Celastrina argiolus, Lycaeides argyrognomon and Papilo machaon are the rare species; 3) The butterfly diversity index in the pocket parks is Lycaenidae＞Nymphalidae＞Pieridae＞Papilionidae; the richness index is Lycaenidae＞Nymphalidae＞Papilionidae＞Pieridae; the evenness index is Lycaenidae＞Nymphalidae＞Pieridae＞Papilioidae and the dominance index is Pieridae＞Nymphalidae＞Lycaenidae＞Papilioidae; and 4) There is no obvious gradient change in butterfly diversity in pocket parks between ring roads within the fifth ring road. It is concluded that pocket parks in urban core of Beijing is the green space to accommodate butterflies, and may become ecological jump islands effectively connecting large habitat patches in urban areas. The research finds that even for small green spaces, a relatively high level of butterfly biodiversity can be maintained if the plants are reasonably selected and configured under the close-to-natural management.

英文关键词 pocket park;butterfly diversity;dominant species;urban core of Beijing

起始页码 1

截止页码 6

投稿时间 2022-02-28 00:00:00

作者简介 佘珺莹(1997-),女,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为城市森林规划设计。E-mail:junyingshe7657@163.com

通讯作者介绍 王成(1967-),男,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为城市林业与城市生态。E-mail:wch8361@163.com

E-mail wch8361@163.com

DOI 10.12169/zgcsly.2022.02.28.0002

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