卧龙自然保护区人工种植大熊猫可食竹环境适应性初步研究

编号 lyqk007076

中文标题 卧龙自然保护区人工种植大熊猫可食竹环境适应性初步研究

作者 黄金燕  李文静  刘巅  张明春  谢浩  蔡水花  李晓燕  黄圣杰  徐亚琳  周世强  周小平  李德生  张和民 

作者单位 1 中国大熊猫保护研究中心 大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室 四川都江堰 611830;
2 四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局 四川卧龙 623006

期刊名称 世界竹藤通讯 

年份 2018 

卷号 16

期号 5

栏目名称 学术园地 

中文摘要 采用样方法调查了人工种植大熊猫可食竹当年的环境适宜性和生长差异。调查结果表明，竹子种植成活率除刺黑竹为60.56%外，其它竹种都在84%以上，且刺黑竹与蓉城竹间的种植成活率有显著差异（P<0.05）；每100丛母竹平均发笋数量，拐棍竹、油竹子、蓉城竹、篌竹、八月竹、斑苦竹、刺黑竹分别为320、277、231、181、165、61和59株，其中拐棍竹、油竹子与蓉城竹休眠芽萌发相对较多而发笋数较多，斑苦竹和刺黑竹发笋数量较少；篌竹、蓉城竹和拐棍竹新生竹笋的存活率较高，达97%以上，油竹子、刺黑竹次之，最低的为八月竹和斑苦竹；新生竹平均基径八月竹最大，为0.858 cm，其次是斑苦竹，为0.662 cm，拐棍竹最小，仅为0.265 cm，且除刺黑竹-油竹子、刺黑竹-篌竹、篌竹-油竹子、篌竹-蓉城竹外，其它竹种新生竹基径间存在显著差异（P<0.05）；新生竹平均秆高以八月竹最高，为88.4 cm，其次为斑苦竹，为64.8 cm，拐棍竹最矮，为22.0 cm，且除刺黑竹-篌竹、篌竹-蓉城竹、篌竹-油竹子、蓉城竹-油竹子、斑苦竹-八月竹外，其它竹种间新生竹秆高生长均存在显著差异（P<0.05）。总体评价，在当地人工种植大熊猫可食竹，刺黑竹前期表现种植成效或环境适应性最差，斑苦竹次之，其它竹种表现较好。

关键词 大熊猫  可食竹  人工种植  环境适应性  生长表现 

基金项目 2012年大熊猫国际合作基金项目“中国保护大熊猫研究中心大熊猫竹子基地建设”项目（编号：SD1117）。

英文标题 A Preliminary Study of the Environmental Suitability of Artificially Planted Bamboo for the Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve

作者英文名 Huang Jinyan, Li Wenjing, Liu Dian, Zhang Mingchun, Xie Hao, Cai Shuihua, Li Xiaoyan, Huang Shengjie, Xu Yalin, Zhou Shiqiang, Zhou Xiaoping, Li Desheng, Zhang Hemin

单位英文名 1. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda;National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory for Rare Animals Conservation Biology, the Giant Panda National Park, Dujiangyan 611830, Sichuan, China;
2. Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau, Wolong 623006, Sichuan, China

英文摘要 The differences in environmental suitability and growth rates between bamboo species artificially cultivated for the giant panda were measured using quadrat plots in the year they were planted. The results showed that the survival rates of all bamboo species were above 84% except for Chimonobambusa neopurpurea, whose survival rate was 60.56%, and the survival rates of Ch. neopurpurea and Phyllostachys bissetii were significantly different (P<0.05). The average number of bamboo shoots per 100 clumps of mother plants for Fargesia robusta, F. angustissima, Ph. bissetii, Ph. nidularia, Ch. szechuanensis var. szechuanensis, Pleioblastus maculatus and Ch. neopurpurea were 320, 277, 231, 181, 165, 61, and 59, respectively. The buds of F. robusta, F. angustissima and Ph. bissetii were dormancy-released and they produced many more bamboo shoots than the others, while the bamboo shoots number of P. maculatus and Ch. neopurpurea were the least. The shoot survival rates of Ph. nidularia, Ph. bissetii and F. robusta were the highest at more than 97%, which were followed by F. angustissima and Ch. neopurpurea, and Ch. szechuanensis var. szechuanensis and P. maculatus the lowest. The average basal diameter of new bamboo was the largest in Ch. szechuanensis var. szechuanensis at 0.858 cm, the second largest in P. maculatus newborn bamboo at 0.662 cm, and the smallest in F. robusta newborn bamboo at 0.265 cm. The differences in the basal diameters of newly born bamboo were significantly different from each other (P<0.05), except for those of Ch. neopurpurea and F. angustissima, Ch. neopurpurea and Ph. nidularia, Ph. nidularia and F. angustissima, and Ph. nidularia and Ph. bissetii. The average culm height of Ch. szechuanensis var. szechuanensis was the highest at 88.4 cm, second highest in P. maculatus at 64.8 cm, and the lowest in F. robusta at 22.0 cm. The growth rate of new culm heights were significantly different from each other (P<0.05) except for Ch. neopurpurea and Ph. nidularia, Ph. nidularia and Ph. bissetii, Ph. nidularia and F. angustissima, Ph. bissetii and F. angustissima, and P. maculatus and Ch. szechuanensis var. szechuanensis. Generally speaking, among the bamboo species planted for the giant panda, Ch. Neopurpurea was the worst in the planting effectiveness and environmental suitability, and then P. maculatus showed better performance than Ch. Neopurpurea, while the other species of bamboo were good in growth performance.

英文关键词 giant panda;edible bamboo;artificial cultivation;environmental suitability;growth performance

起始页码 20

截止页码 24

作者简介 黄金燕,男,教授级高级工程师,从事以大熊猫及其伴生动植物为主的保护生物学、生态学及圈养大熊猫野化放归研究。E-mail:huangjinyanabc@sina.com。

DOI 10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2018.05.004

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