北京综合性社区鸟类与植物的关系

编号 lyqk009733

中文标题 北京综合性社区鸟类与植物的关系

作者 徐诗  王成  孙振凯  韩丛海  孙睿霖  殷鲁秦  姜莎莎 

作者单位 1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 北京 100091;
2. 国家林业和草原局城市森林研究中心 北京 100091;
3. 北京市园林绿化局 北京 100013

期刊名称 中国城市林业 

年份 2022 

卷号 20

期号 2

栏目名称 研究论文 

中文摘要 城市社区作为城市的重要组成部分，其鸟类栖息能力将直接影响整个城市的生物多样性水平，研究社区绿地中的引鸟型植物景观，有利于提高物种的潜在共存性和城市鸟类多样性，创造更为舒适的人居环境。文章以具有科研、教育、居住、办公、商业等多重功能的中国林科院社区为研究场所，运用偏相关分析法和重要值分析法对社区内植物和鸟类群落的相互关系展开研究。结果表明:1）社区内乔木层观测到鸟类种类和数量最多，分别占总数的93.55%和65.59%，占绝对优势；草本层分别占35.48%和22.44%；灌木层分别占25.81%和6.89%。2）不同乔木树种对鸟类的吸引力不同，社区内常见乔木对鸟类的重要值排名前10为泡桐＞水杉＞加杨＞栾树＞国槐＞臭椿＞刺槐＞雪松＞玉兰＞华山松。3）乔木高度和鸟类丰富度、鸟类多度、鸟类频数显著正相关，乔木冠幅只和鸟类丰富度显著正相关；乔木胸径、乔木枝下高与3个鸟类活动特征值均不存在显著的线性相关。4）不同植物生境对不同鸟类集团的吸引力不同，一定面积的庭院林和乔灌草搭配种植的密林对鸟类的重要性较高，鸟类更加偏好多树种、多层次、多结构的、具备林中局部开敞型空间和林下局部隐蔽型空间的植物生境的近自然林。5）以高大乔木为主、具有多种生境类型的社区有利于吸引和承载更多的鸟类活动。

关键词 城市  综合性社区  鸟类  植物  栖息环境 

基金项目 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020ZB008);国家自然基金委资助项目(31700558)

英文标题 Relationship between Birds and Plants in Comprehensive Community Environment in Beijing

作者英文名 Xu Shi, Wang Cheng, Sun Zhenkai, Han Conghai, Sun Ruilin, Yin Luqin, Jiang Shasha

单位英文名 1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
2. Urban Forest Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China;
3. Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau, Beijing 100013, China

英文摘要 Residential communities are the important part of cities, and its ability to provide birds with habits will directly affect the level of biodiversity in the whole city. Studying the bird-attracting plant landscape in the green spaces of communities is conducive to improving the potential coexistence of species and the bird species diversity in cities, and providing a more comfortable living environment for human beings. This paper takes the community of Chinese Academy of forestry, which has multiple functions of scientific research, education, residence, office and commerce, to study the relationship between plant communities and bird communities using the methods of partial correlation analysis and importance value analysis. The results show that:1) The species and the number of birds observed in arbor layer are the largest, accounting for 93.55% and 65.59% of the total, respectively. Those in the herb layer account for 35.48% and 22.44%, respectively, and those of the shrub layer accounts for 25.81% and 6.89%, respectively; 2) Different tree species have different attraction to birds. The most attracting 10 trees species to birds in the study community are Paulownia fortunei > Metasequoia glyptostroboides > Populus canadensis > Koelreuteria paniculata > Sophora japonica > Ailanthus altissima > Robinia pseudoacacia > Cedrus deodara > Magnolia denudata > Pinus armandi; 3) Tree height is significantly positively correlated with bird richness, bird abundance and bird frequency while tree crown width is only significantly positively correlated with bird richness, and there is no significant linear correlation between tree DBH, tree branch height and three bird activity characteristic indices; 4) Different plant habitats have different attraction to different bird groups. Courtyard forests and dense forest with trees, shrubs and grass layers of a certain area have higher importance to birds. Birds prefer to the near natural forest with multi tree species, multi level, multi structures and partial open or hidden space under the forest; and 5) Communities dominated by large arbor tree and with multiple types of habitat are conducive to attracting more birds and offering more spaces for birds activities.

英文关键词 urban;comprehensive community;bird;plant;habitat

起始页码 15

截止页码 22

投稿时间 2021/12/26

作者简介 徐诗(1993-),女,硕士生,研究方向为城市森林规划设计。E-mail:itsxushi@163.com

通讯作者介绍 王成(1967-),男,研究员,研究方向为城市林业与城市生态。E-mail:wch8361@163.com

E-mail wch8361@163.com

DOI 10.12169/zgcsly.2021.12.26.0003

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