不同城市热岛梯度下公园冷岛效应和景观特征的关联机制

编号 lyqk011412

中文标题 不同城市热岛梯度下公园冷岛效应和景观特征的关联机制

作者 李春雨  张雨  施鹏  陈思凡  王钰茹  梁红  王凯 

作者单位 1. 青岛农业大学园林与林学院 山东青岛 266109;
2. 棕榈建筑规划设计(北京)有限公司 北京 100016;
3. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室 北京 100085

期刊名称 中国城市林业 

年份 2024 

卷号 22

期号 2

栏目名称 专题1:城市绿地热缓解 

中文摘要 城市公园形成的冷岛效应已成为缓解城市热环境的重要途径之一。利用Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS、Google Earth遥感数据,通过辐射传导算法反演济南市22个公园的地表温度;采用缓冲区分析、多元统计和相关性分析等方法定量分析公园内部平均温度、公园冷岛效应与公园内部机理以及城市形态两大景观特征之间的关系;利用增长回归树模型初步探究景观特征的贡献能力。结果表明:1)不同城市热岛梯度下公园冷岛效应呈梯度变化,热岛等级高的公园,其冷岛效应更显著; 2)当公园面积达到200 hm²、水体面积达到45 hm²、绿地面积在80~100 hm²时,公园的冷岛效应最佳,水体比绿地的冷却效果更强;3)建筑高度与冷岛效应相关性最显著,当建筑高度在35~63 m时,最大冷却距离随高度的增大而增加,过高过密且杂乱无序的建筑环境阻碍公园冷岛效应;4)内在机理对公园地表温度、最大冷却距离、冷却强度的贡献能力强于外部城市形态指标,外部城市形态对冷却梯度的贡献能力更强。因此,在不同城市热岛梯度下,将公园绿地、水体面积控制在阈值内,适当增加公园轮廓复杂度和不透水面积,并利用城市风廊增加公园冷空气溢出途径,能够改善公园周围热环境、提高人体舒适度。

关键词 热岛效应  城市公园  冷岛效应  公园地表温度  济南市 

基金项目 国家自然基金青年基金(31800448);青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金(6631118009;6631119001)

英文标题 Correlation Mechanism Between Parks' Cold Island Effect and Landscape Characteristics under Different Urban Heat Island Gradients

作者英文名 Li Chunyu, Zhang Yu, Shi Peng, Chen Sifan, Wang Yuru, Liang Hong, Wang Kai

单位英文名 1. College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China;
2. Palm Architecture Planning and Design (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100016, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

英文摘要 The cold island effect created by urban parks has become one of the important ways to alleviate the urban thermal environment. Using Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS and Google Earth remote sensing data, the paper inverted the surface temperature of 22 parks in Jinan City by means of a radiation transmission algorithm. The methods of buffer zone analysis, multiple statistics, and correlation analysis are adopted to quantify and analyze the relationship between the average temperature inside the parks, parks' cold island effect, the internal mechanism of parks, and two landscape features of urban morphology. The contribution of landscape characteristics is initially investigated using the growth regression tree model. The study finds:1) The park cold island effect presents the gradient changes under the different heat island gradients in the city. The park with higher level of heat island effect has the largely significant cold island effect; 2) When park area reaches 200 hm², water bodies reach the area of 45 hm², and the green area is between 80 and 100 hm², the best cool island effect of parks can achieve, while water bodies have better cooling effect than green spaces; 3) The correlation between the building height and the cold island effect is extremely significant. When buildings are 35-63 m high, the maximum cooling distance increases with the building height, and the overcrowded and disorderly buildings will not give play to parks' cold island effect; and 4) The internal mechanisms have greater contributions to park surface temperature, maximum cooling distance and cooling intensity than the external index of urban morphology, but urban morphology has a greater contribution to the cooling gradient. Hence, it is suggested that, under different urban heat island gradients, the thermal environment around parks as well as the human comfort could be improved through controlling the area of green spaces and water bodies in parks within the threshold, appropriately complicating park contours and increasing the impermeable area, and using urban wind corridors to make more cool air overflow.

英文关键词 heat-island effect;city park;cold island effect;surface temperature of park;Jinan City

起始页码 17

截止页码 25

投稿时间 2023/8/4

作者简介 李春雨(1999-),女,硕士,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计。E-mail:lcy990127@163.com

通讯作者介绍 王凯(1980-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计。E-mail:dlwangkai@163.com

E-mail dlwangkai@163.com

DOI 10.12169/zgcsly.2023.08.04.0004

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