澳大利亚国家公园社区共管模式与经验借鉴

编号 lyqk009440

中文标题 澳大利亚国家公园社区共管模式与经验借鉴

作者 侯艺  许先升  陈有锦  彭雪凌  许新 

作者单位 海南大学林学院，海口 570228

期刊名称 世界林业研究 

年份 2021 

卷号 34

期号 1

栏目编号 2.0

栏目名称 各国林业 

中文摘要 澳大利亚国家公园社区共管模式是基于平衡原住民使用资源的权利和保护生物多样性的义务而建立的机制，其规划建设的过程、经验和思路对于探索我国国家公园社区管理制度具有重要参考价值。文中梳理了澳大利亚国家公园社区共管的历史脉络与演变过程，将其分为由排斥而引发利益冲突、由谈判而达成共管机制以及由发展而完善保护体系3个阶段，分析其典型的社区共管模式，总结其权利保障制度、社区参与机制和社区引导政策3个方面的社区共管经验，并结合中国自然保护地建设情况提出了对中国国家公园社区共管的建议。

关键词 国家公园  社区共管  澳大利亚 

基金项目 海南省哲学社会科学规划课题“全域旅游视角下的海南岛传统村落保护与再生研究”（HNSK(QN)18-06）；海南省自然科学基金“城市绿色空间时空演变及其热环境效应的多尺度研究”（318QN194）

英文标题 Community-based Management Model the National Parks in Australia and Its Inspiration

作者英文名 Hou Yi, Xu Xiansheng, Chen Youjin, Peng Xueling, Xu Xin

单位英文名 College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China

英文摘要 The community-based management model of the national parks in Australia is an established mechanism that has been developed by balancing the rights of indigenous people to use resources and their obligation to protect biodiversity, and the process, experience and ideas of its planning and construction have important reference values for exploring the community management system of national parks in China. This paper reviews the historical context and evolution process of the Australian national park community-based management model, and divides it into three stages, i.e., the conflict of interest caused by exclusion, the mechanism of co-management reached through negotiation, and the protection system improved from development, and concludes the experiences in community-based management including rights protection system, community participation mechanism and community guidance policy. It then puts forward the suggestions for building the community-based management mechanism of national parks in China based on the current management of nature protected areas.

英文关键词 national park;community-based management;Australia

起始页码 107

截止页码 112

投稿时间 2020/10/16

最后修改时间 2020/11/11

作者简介 侯艺，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为风景园林设计规划理论，E-mail：1028428336@qq.com

通讯作者介绍 许先升，男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为风景园林规划设计理论，E-mail：xxs918@163.com

E-mail 许先升，xxs918@163.com

分类号 S759.91

DOI 10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2020.0121.y

参考文献 [1] Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Australian Government. National reserve system—plan of management guidelines[EB/OL]. (2009-09-01)[2020-10-16]. https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/a839d059-981d-409a-999c-853dc5637c57/files/guidemanagement.pdf.
[2] 张天宇, 乌恩. 澳大利亚国家公园管理及启示[J]. 林业经济,2019,41(8):20-24, 29.
[3] 周武忠, 徐媛媛, 周之澄. 国外国家公园管理模式[J]. 上海交通大学学报,2014,48(8):1205-1212.
[4] 张引, 庄优波, 杨锐. 世界自然保护地社区共管典型模式研究[J]. 风景园林,2020,27(3):18-23.
[5] 曾以禹, 王丽, 郭晔, 等. 澳大利亚国家公园管理现状及启示[J]. 世界林业研究,2019,32(4):92-96.
[6] JENTOFT S, MCCAY B. User participation in fisheries management: lessons drawn from international experiences[J]. Marine Policy, 1995, 19(3):227-246.
[7] BERKES F. Evolution of co-management: role of knowledge generation, bridging organizations and social learning[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, 90(5):1692-1702.
[8] SOEFTESTAD L T, GERRARD C D. Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM)[C]. The International CBNRM Workshop. Washington DC: World Bank Institute, 1998: 10-14.
[9] BORRINI-FEYERABEND G. Collaborative management of protected areas: tailoring the approach to the context[M]. Gland: IUCN-The World Conservation Union, 1996.
[10] 李丽娟, 毕莹竹. 美国国家公园管理的成功经验及其对我国的借鉴作用[J]. 世界林业研究,2019,32(1):96-101.
[11] Badlands national park: south unit general management plan[EB/OL]. (2008-12-01)[2020-10-16]. http://www.badlandsnha.org/DSN/wwwbadlandsnhaorg/Content/PDF/NewsletterFebruary152008.pdf.
[12] 廖凌云, 杨锐, 曹越. 印度自然保护地体系及其管理体制特点评述[J]. 中国园林,2016,32(7):31-35.
[13] 张书杰, 庄优波. 英国国家公园合作伙伴管理模式研究: 以苏格兰凯恩戈姆斯国家公园为例[J]. 风景园林,2019,26(4):28-32.
[14] BOCKSTAEL E, BAHIA N C F, SEIXAS C S, et al. Participation in protected area management planning in coastal Brazil[J]. Environmental Science & Policy, 2016, 60:1-10.
[15] WEVER L, GLASER M, GORRIS P, et al. Decentralization and participation in integrated coastal management: policy lessons from Brazil and Indonesia[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2012, 66:63-72.
[16] STEVENS S. Inhabited national parks: indigenous peoples in protected landscapes[M]. Canberra: East Kimberley Project Press, 1986.
[17] LAWRENCE D. Managing parks/managing country: joint management of aboriginal owned protected areas in Australia[EB/OL]. (1996-09-05)[2020-10-16]. https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/RP9697/97rp2.
[18] LANE M B. Affirming new directions in planning theory: comanagement of protected areas[J]. Society & Natural Resources, 2001, 14(8):657-671.
[19] DERMOTH SMYTH. Joint management of national parks in Australia[M]. Oxford: Oxford Uiversity Press, 2010.
[20] BAUMAN T, SMYTH D. Indigenous partnerships in protected area management in Australia: three case studies[M]. Canberra: the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Press, 2007.
[21] STRICKLAND-MUNRO J, MOORE S. Indigenous involvement and benefits from tourism in protected areas: a study of Purnululu National Park and Warmun Community, Australia[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2013, 21(1):26-41.
[22] 杨金娜. 三江源国家公园管理中的社区参与机制研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2019.
[23] 薛云丽. 国家公园建设中原住居民权利保护研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2020.
[24] 董茜, 邓毅, 高燕, 等. 中国国家公园的社区共管模式特征及管理分类: 基于社会资本理论[J]. 环境保护,2019,47(24):45-49.
[25] 张引, 杨锐. 中国自然保护区社区共管现状分析和改革建议[J]. 中国园林,2020,36(8):31-35.

发布日期 2020-11-12

PDF全文 浏览全文