我国沙尘天气特征及溯源分析

编号 lyqk011533

中文标题 我国沙尘天气特征及溯源分析

作者 张碧辉  李谭宝  徐冉  王继康  花丛 

作者单位 1. 国家气象中心 北京 100081;
2. 国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院 西安 710048

期刊名称 林草政策研究 

年份 2024 

卷号 4

期号 1

栏目名称 特别策划 

中文摘要 文中基于长时间序列的气象观测数据和最新研究结论,分析了我国沙尘天气的时空分布及传输特征,并结合近年来典型沙尘天气过程介绍沙尘溯源方法。结果表明:我国沙尘天气发生频率由西北向东南方向减少,空间分布基本与沙化土地及荒漠化土地分布一致。2000年以来,沙尘天气过程次数呈现显著减少的趋势。我国的沙尘天气传输路径主要包括偏西路径、西北路径、偏北路径、新疆南疆盆地型和东北局地型,其中西北路径型所占比例最高。多种沙尘溯源分析结果显示,蒙古国是我国北方沙尘的重要源区之一;此外,蒙古国和我国北方地区的沙源地地表和起沙状况的定量监测能力不足,沙尘来源解析评估技术能力仍有待提高,针对沙尘路径区的治理措施研究有待深化。针对现存问题提出3点建议:1)加强国际合作,提升沙尘源区和传输路径的实况监测能力;2)提升部门间科研合作力度,开展沙尘溯源分析技术联合攻关;3)优先启动沙尘路径区治理项目,根据沙尘路径区自然条件,有针对性地开展多样化的沙尘路径区沙化土地治理。

关键词 沙尘天气  时空分布  传输路径  溯源分析 

基金项目 国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院科技创新发展与研究项目我国沙尘暴沙尘物质溯源研究(xby-kjcx-2021-01);国家气象中心气象现代化建设专项课题生态治理背景下的浑善达克沙地起沙气象条件分析(QXXDH202222)

英文标题 Characteristics of Sand and Dust Weather in China and Its Traceability Analysis

作者英文名 Zhang Bihui, Li Tanbao, Xu Ran, Wang Jikang, Hua Cong

单位英文名 1. National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Northwest Surveying and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China

英文摘要 Based on long-term meteorological observation data and the latest research, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution and transmission characteristics of sand and dust weather in China, and introduces dust traceability methods with an eye to typical dust weather processes in recent years. The results show that the frequency of sand and dust weather in China decreases from northwest to southeast, and the spatial distribution is basically consistent with the distribution of sandified land and desertified land. Since 2000, the frequency of sand and dust weather processes had shown a significant decrease. The transmission paths of sand and dust weather in China mainly include the westward path, northwest path, northward path, Southern Xinjiang Basin path, and the northeast local path, while the northwest path has the highest proportion. The results of multiple dust traceability analyses show that Mongolia is one of the major source areas of sand and dust in northern China. In addition, the capacity to quantitatively monitor the land surface at sand source areas and dust production situation is insufficient in Mongolia and North China, and the technical capacity to analyze and evaluate the source of sand and dust needs to be improved. In view of the current problems, suggestions are proposed: 1) Strengthening the international cooperation to improve the real-time monitoring of source area and the transmission path of sand and dust; 2) Improving the sectoral collaboration in science research for promoting the joint technical breakthrough actions for sand/dust traceability analysis; and 3) Priority would be given to start the sand and dust path area treatment project, and diversified sand and dust path area sandy land management is supposed to be carried out in a targeted manner according to the natural conditions.

英文关键词 sand and dust weather;spatiotemporal distribution;transmission path;traceability analysis

起始页码 20

截止页码 25

投稿时间 2023/11/27

作者简介 张碧辉(1983-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为沙尘天气机理研究和预报评估技术。E-mail:zhangbh@cma.gov.cn

通讯作者介绍 花丛(1984-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为沙尘天气预报评估。E-mail:floweronly@163.com

E-mail floweronly@163.com

分类号 X43

DOI 10.12344/lczcyj.2023.11.27.0005

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