从街道场所到城市区域:美国城市宜居性的研究与实践

编号 lyqk011429

中文标题 从街道场所到城市区域:美国城市宜居性的研究与实践

作者 蒋敏  刁游  卢峰 

作者单位 1. 重庆大学建筑城规学院 重庆 400030;
2. 重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 重庆 400030;
3. 中国建筑西南设计研究院 成都 610041

期刊名称 中国城市林业 

年份 2024 

卷号 22

期号 2

栏目名称 规划设计 

中文摘要 “宜居性”是20世纪60年代以来美国人本主义城市设计中的重要议题。区别于现代主义带有浓重乌托邦色彩的宏大城市构想,宜居性理论重点关注微小叙事和日常生活。文章通过详细梳理20世纪60年代以来美国宜居性理论研究和实践的发展历程发现: 1996年以前的宜居性研究聚焦于街道—场所尺度,包含两条研究脉络,即从安全的街道到复合型林荫大道和从交往的场所到公共领域的重塑;1996年以后,新城市主义理论的发展推动了“街道—社区—城市—区域”多尺度融合的宜居性研究和实践。在此基础上,对我国的宜居城市建设提出3点启示:以人为本,优化步行和公交系统;关注日常生活,鼓励公共参与;注重多尺度空间要素的一致性和完整性。

关键词 城市宜居性  街道生活  人本主义城市设计  公共空间 

基金项目 国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078069);重庆市博士后科学基金(cstc2021jcyj-bshx0040)

英文标题 From Street Place to Urban Areas: Research and Practices of Urban Livability in the US

作者英文名 Jiang Min, Diao You, Lu Feng

单位英文名 1. Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
2. Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
3. China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China

英文摘要 Livability is an important issue of humanism urban design in the US since the 1960s. In contrast to modernism's utopian vision, livability theory focuses on micro narrative and daily life. This paper elaborates on the development of livability theory and its practices in the US since the 1960s. It finds out that that research on livability before 1996 mainly focused on the scale of street-place, with eyes on the two trajectories:from safe streets to multiple roadway boulevards, and from social places to public realm reshaping. The rise of New Urbanism in 1996 has promoted the research on and practice of livability in a multi-dimensional approach ranging from streets, communities, cities to regions. Based on the analysis, three inspirations are proposed for livable city construction in China, i.e., adhering to the people-oriented principle to optimize pedestrian and public transport system, focusing on daily life to encourage public participation, and achieving the consistency and integrity of multi-scale spatial elements.

英文关键词 urban livability;street life;humanistic urban design;public space

起始页码 152

截止页码 158

投稿时间 2023/5/21

作者简介 蒋敏(1990-),女,博士,讲师,研究方向为城市设计与社区更新。E-mail:mjiang.ud@cqu.edu.cn

通讯作者介绍 卢峰(1968-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为山地建筑与城市设计。E-mail:lufeng@cqu.edu.cn

E-mail lufeng@cqu.edu.cn

DOI 10.12169/zgcsly.2023.05.21.0001

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